LL.B. (cum laude) (1970), Jerusalem; LL.M. and S.J.D Harvard Law School; Member of the Ontario Bar; specializing in banking, negotiable instruments, funds transfers, digital currencies, payment and settlement systems, and documents of title. Professor of Law, Osgoode Hall Law School of York University, Toronto, Canada (faculty member since 1977); Counsel (part-time), payments and cards group in Torys LLP, Toronto (since 2012); founding Editor of the Banking and Finance Law Review; and author of Financing Consumer Sales and Product Defences, The Law of Electronic Funds Transfers, Bank Collections and Payment Transactions: Comparative Study of Legal Aspects, and The Payment Order of Antiquity and the Middle Ages: A Legal History. Co-author of International negotiable Instruments. Under the IMF technical assistance program he advised and drafted key financial sector legislation, particularly payment laws, in several developing and post-conflict countries (particularly in the former Yugoslavia, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, and Timor-Leste).
Writer of numerous articles particularly on funds transfers and negotiable instruments; held numerous visiting positions in United States universities (Chicago, Illinois, Northwestern, Duke program in Hong Kong, and Utah), Australia (Melbourne, Monash, Deakin and Sydney), Israel (Tel Aviv), Singapore (National University of Singapore), as well as in France (Aix en Provence) and Germany (Hamburg); also held research fellowships at Oxford University, Cambridge University, Max-Planck Institute for Comparative and Private International Law (Hamburg), New York University, University of Vienna and UNCITRAL; member of MOCOMILA (Monetary Law committee of the International Lawyers Association); participants in projects and working groups working on and drafting domestic and international legislation on personal property security, securities transfers, letters of credit, payment systems, and documents of title (transport documents and warehouse receipts).